Add the heavy cream, whole milk, vanilla bean and seeds, nutmeg, cinnamon, whole cloves, and salt to a saucepan.
Heat over medium-low heat until the mixture is hot and steaming, but do not let it boil. Remove the pan from the heat and let the spices steep for about 10 minutes.
In a separate bowl, whisk together the egg yolks and granulated sugar until smooth.
Slowly whisk a small amount of the warm cream mixture into the egg yolks. This helps temper the eggs so they do not scramble.
Gradually whisk in more of the warm cream mixture, then pour the tempered egg mixture back into the saucepan.
Cook until the mixture thickens and coats the back of a spoon (170°F - 175°F, don’t let it boil!). Remove from heat and allow it to rest for 5 minutes. If using vanilla extract, vanilla bean paste, or rum extract, stir it in after removing the custard from the heat.
Pour the custard through a fine mesh strainer into a clean bowl.
Cover and chill the custard completely in the refrigerator, at least 4 hours or overnight. Churn according to your ice cream maker manufacturer’s directions. Transfer the churned ice cream to a freezer-safe container. Press parchment paper or plastic wrap directly over the surface, cover, and freeze until firm enough to scoop.